Typbar TCV vaccine
Typbar TCV vaccine is given to prevent typhoid fever also known as enteric fever. This is Typhoid TCV vaccine by Bharat biotech. This is typhoid Vi polysaccharide antigen conjugated to tetanus toxoid. This vaccine is available as a single dose or multidose vial and also single-dose prefilled syringe. It contains purified Vi polysaccharide of S. typhi capsular antigen conjugated to tetanus toxoid 25 mcg, sodium chloride 4.5 mg, water for
| Each 0.5 ml contains | |
| purified Vi polysaccharide of S. typhi capsular antigen conjugated to tetanus toxoid | 25 mcg |
| Sodium chloride | 4.5 mg |
| Water for injection | qs to 0.5 ml |
| Each multi dose 2.5 ml contains in each 0.5 ml | |
| purified Vi polysaccharide of S. typhi capsular antigen conjugated to tetanus toxoid | 25 mcg |
| Sodium chloride | 4.5 mg |
| 2-phenoxyethanol preservative | 5 mg |
| Water for injection | qs |
Table of Contents
How is Typbar TCV vaccine available?
Typbar TCV vaccine is available as ready to inject liquid form. It is available in a pre-filled syringe with 0.5 ml injectable single dose. It looks cloudy, the constituents become homogenous when agitated. It is packed in an opaque packet to protect it from light. The sterile single-use disposable needle for injection is usually available in the packet.
How is Typbar TCV vaccine stored?
Typbar TCV vaccine is stored at 2-8 degrees Celsius. The temperature is maintained with the help of the cold chain. The temperature range should be maintained at all stages of storage and transportation. The vaccine if frozen accidentally should be discarded and should not be used. The vaccine if passed beyond the expiry date should not be used and discarded.
How is Typbar TCV vaccine given?
Typbar TCV vaccine is given on the anterolateral aspect of thigh intramuscular injection. All the safe injection precautions should be utilized while giving the injection. It should not be given subcut or intravenous as the efficacy by these routes is unknown. Those with bleeding tendency may get it subcut the clinical decision by a pediatrician is needed.
At what age Typbar TCV vaccine is given?
Typbar TCV can be safely given to all ages 6 months to 45 years. Two doses are given. The second dose is given 3 years of the first dose. Usually the first dose is given at 6 months with influenza vaccine or at 9-10 months with MMR vaccine.
What if some has missed dose of Typbar TCV?
If someone has missed the dose of typbar vaccine should get it earliest as possible. The decision to take a vaccine should be taken after consultation with a pediatrician. Those children staying in endemic areas like Southeast Asia and the Indian subcontinent should get this vaccine. Those planning to visit these regions or other endemic regions should get this vaccine at least 3 weeks before exposure.
How does Typbar TCV vaccine work?
Typbar TCV vaccine contains antigens from Vi capsular polysaccharide antigen of S. typhi capsule. When this vaccine is injected into the host all these antigens are entered into the body. Inside the host, these antigens are recognized by the immune system of the host. The immune mechanism to fight against these antigens is developed. When real infection occurs the immune response is rapidly ramped up and the disease is prevented. This is the active form of immunization that is the host himself/herself develops the immunity by its own mechanism after vaccination. The boosters are needed to maintain the long-term immunity as after many years the immunity may wane. The tetanus toxoid in the vaccine acts as a conjugation protein and it helps the immune system to recognize the antigens more effectively. Tetanus toxoid increases the efficacy of the vaccine. Yet the duration this vaccine provides protection is unknown, theoretically, it seems it is efficient at least till 18 years of age.
Safety of Typbar TCV vaccine with other drugs:
- As this is a killed vaccine it is safe to give the vaccine with most of the other medicines and other vaccines. It is safe if given with other vaccines like MMR, measles, and pneumococcal vaccines.
- The vaccine is given with other vaccines should not be mixed in the same syringe it should be given separately and at a separate site.
- The vaccine is safe for immunocompromised patients and those with HIV AIDS patients.
- The safety of vaccines is not yet established in pregnancy and lactating mothers.
What are side effects after Typbar TCV vaccine?
Typbar TCV vaccine is S. typhi Vi-polysaccharide antigen conjugated to tetanus toxoid.
- Fever may come after the vaccination it may last for 3 days and usually mild to moderate grade. It can be easily controlled with paracetamol oral medicine and sponging. It can be managed at home.
- Injection site pain and swelling may occur after vaccination. It is less as compared to the DTwP vaccine. This pain can be managed with paracetamol and cold compression at the injection site.
- Irritability may come after vaccination may last for 1-3 days usually subsides on its own.
- Headache may occur after vaccination this side effect can be easily managed with paracetamol and usually subsides on its own.
- Loose motions and vomiting may occur in a few patients after vaccination. It can be managed with oral rehydrating solution and if needed medicine like ondansetron.
- If the patient is allergic to any component anaphylaxis reaction may occur. This is an extremely rare side effect but can be life-threatening. The facility at which vaccination is given should be equipped with treatment to manage anaphylaxis reactions.
To whom Typbar TCV vaccine should not be given?
- Typbar TCV vaccine should not be given to someone if known allergy to any of its components.
- The contraindications Of Typbar TCV vaccine are very rare, advice of a pediatrician should be considered before any conclusion.
- Those with convulsion in past are not a contraindication for this vaccination.
- Those with bleeding disorders like hemophilia should plan this vaccine after getting the dose of factor administered. Subcut route should be considered in such patients and clinical discretion of the treating pediatrician is needed.
- Yet safety has not been established in pregnancy and lactation.