Trimovax: Live MMR Vaccine
Trimovax vaccine is a brand of MMR Vaccine by Sanofi pasteur. This vaccine protects against measles, mumps and rubella these 3 diseases. This is live attenuated vaccine. It contains live attenuated measles virus), live attenuated mumps virus strain, live attenuated rubella virus. It contains sterile water for injection 0.5 ml.
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How is Trimovax vaccine available?
Trimovax vaccine is available as pre-filled syringe. The lyophilized powder is available is a separate vial. The pre-filled syringe contains sterile water to be mixed with lyophilized powder. The vaccine is in opaque paper packet. It should be stored in the packaging it comes with.
How is Trimovax vaccine prepared?
Trimovax vaccine, sterile water for injection is mixed with lyophilized powder. The needle should be attached to the syringe of sterile water. The water is pushed into the vial of lyophilized powder. The mixture is agitated gently to mix the content. The care should be taken while doing the procedure that sterilizers and disinfectant should not touch the vial. The care should be taken to avoid the needle prick while mixing the contents. The mixture is sucked buck into the syringe.
How the Trimovax vaccine can be given?
Trimovax vaccine can be given either by subcutaneous route. All the safety injection precautions need to be taken while giving injection. The disinfectant applied to skin should be evaporated completely before giving the injection. The disposables after use of injection should be discarded as per biomedical waste management protocols. The vaccine if expired should be discarded and not used. The expired vaccines need to be discarded as per biomedical waste management protocols.
At what age Trimovax vaccine is given?
Trimovax vaccine is given at age 6-9 months and the next dose is given at 15 months followed by at 5 years of age in routine immunization schedule.
What if someone has missed Trimovax vaccine dose?
If unvaccinated person above 9 months comes to OPD, Trimovax vaccine is the priority vaccine to be given. The missed dose should be given as early as possible. The opinion of pediatrician is to be taken before vaccination. In adults the side effects are comparatively more like fever and bilateral parotid swelling.
How does Trimovax vaccine works?
Trimovax vaccine contains live attenuated viruses of measles, mumps and rubella. Live attenuated means these are live virus but they lack capacity to cause disease though they have capacity to infect. When these viruses are injected by vaccine they infect the person who got the injection. They multiply in the body of the host. The immunity of the host recognizes these viruses. The immunity develops mechanism to fight these viruses. In this process the body also develops the memory immunity. When the real infection of these diseases occur the body rapidly increases the immune response and the disease is prevented. This is active form of immunization.
What are the side effects of the Trimovax vaccine?
Side effects of Trimovax vaccine are usually milder when compared to the diseases it cause. Common side effects are:
- Fever may come and usually lasts for 1-3 days and it can be easily controlled by oral medications like paracetamol at home.
- Skin rash which looks like measles disease can appear in a few days after vaccination. This rash is usually milder and short-lasting than measles disease.
- Pain, swelling, and redness at the injection site. This may come after injection and may last for 1-3 days. It usually subsides on its own or by simple measures like local cold fomentation.
- Symptoms of upper respiratory tract infection like a cold and running nose.
- Nervousness and crying.
- Lymphadenopathy: Uncommon.
- Conjunctivitis, bronchitis, parotid gland swelling, diarrhea, and vomiting are uncommon side effects. These are usually milder and are generally manageable on an OPD basis at home.
- In adults, reactions like bilateral parotid swelling and fever reactions are common in children.
- Thrombocytopenia is a rare side effect and if occurs it usually resolves on its own.
- Like all other vaccines for anaphylaxis, the reaction may come after this vaccination though it is very rare. The facility at which vaccination is given should be ready to manage anaphylaxis with necessary equipment and skilled personnel.
What cautions are needed with Trimovax vaccine?
- The facility to manage anaphylaxis should be ready while giving this injection.
- Caution should be taken in those who are allergic to egg proteins.
- The vaccine should not be given to those who are allergic to any of its components.
- This is a live vaccine so cannot be used in pregnancy.
- The pregnancy should be avoided till after 3 months of giving this vaccine, though this vaccine is not a valid indication for abortion.
- Caution should be taken in immunocompromised patients. The vaccine is used in them if the benefit outweighs the risks.
- In infants of HIV mothers, this vaccine should be given as early as after 6 months of age.
- The vaccine is avoided in those with active TB disease or those in the intensive phase of the TB-treatment.
- The vaccine should be given after one month to those who got measles as the natural disease does not give immunity.
- Biomedical waste management guidelines are to be followed like all other vaccinations.
- The vaccine is stored as mentioned on a packet by the manufacturer.
To whom Trimovax vaccine is contraindicated?
- Trimovax vaccine is contraindicated in those with stage 3 or stage 4 HIV AIDS disease.
- Trimovax vaccine is contraindicated for those who are severely immunocompromised.
- Those who are pregnant.
- Those who are allergic to any of its components.
- Those who got anaphylaxis at the time of Trimovax vaccine in past.
- Those who are allergic to egg protein.